Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition
that affects 5-10% of women of childbearing age. PCOS is associated with:
irregular menstrual cycles, abnormal hair growth or loss, abdominal obesity,
elevated insulin levels, elevated testosterone levels, polycystic ovaries, dark
patches of velvety skin on neck, arms, breasts or thighs, acne, and
infertility. Nearly 50% of women with PCOS are overweight or obese. Improving
your diet and exercise program by making lifestyle changes may reduce your risk
for developing chronic diseases associated with PCOS such as diabetes, heart
disease and endometrial cancer.
Fertility is higher and pregnancy is healthier
when a woman has a BMI (body mass index) between 20-25.
BMI is calculated by comparing the ratio of height
and weight (BMI = weight in kg divided by height in meters squared).
The maximum ideal BMI is 25 kg/m2.
Height
Max ideal weight
5’
129lb
5’3”
143lb
5’6”
157lb
5’9”
171lb
WHAT IS THE RECOMMENDED MEAL PLAN FOR PCOS?
Currently there is no scientific evidence to
support one particular diet for PCOS. Evidence-based recommendations suggest
that women with PCOS should focus on balance and moderation. Recommended
lifestyle changes include:
·
Weight loss of 5-10% if
overweight or obese in 3 months.
·
Decreased caloric intake
if weight loss is desired.
·
Decreased intake of
enriched carbohydrates.
·
Increased fiber intake
including fruits, vegetables, and beans.
·
Decreased fat intake,
particularly saturated fat.
·
Smaller, more frequent
meals (every 3-4 hours) to help control blood glucose levels.
·
Balanced meals including
complex carbohydrates, plant based protein, and less than 10% plant based fat.
·
At least 150 minutes of
moderate or vigorous activity per week for diabetes prevention.
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER
Consume a wide variety of whole foods
·
Foods in their most
natural form (fresh, frozen, or dried).
·
Fruits, vegetables,
beans, legumes, whole grains, fish, lean meats (only once a week), nuts
(walnuts), and seeds (chia) should be eaten daily.
Aim to eat 25-30 grams of fiber per day
·
Introduce fiber
gradually to your diet to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
·
Choose vegetables such
as broccoli, lettuce, celery, cabbage, cucumber, parsley, radishes, spinach,
turnips, and watercress.
·
Choose legumes such as
fresh cooked kidney beans, lentils, black eyed peas, chickpeas, and lima beans.
·
Choose fruits such as
strawberries, raspberries, grapefruit, apples, cherries, peaches, pears, and
plums.
·
Eat them as snacks,
salads, sandwich fillings, in smoothies, soups, and casseroles.
Limit sugars and enriched carbohydrates
·
Complex carbohydrates
take longer than enriched carbohydrates to digest and absorb. Enjoy 1-2 servings per meal. A serving is equivalent to ½ cup
whole wheat pasta, brown rice, or beans/lentils; 1 slice whole wheat bread (or 1 ounce of bread); 1
serving of healthy cereal; ½ cup cooked oatmeal; ½ cup starchy vegetables like peas, corn, or potatoes; ½ medium baked potato; or 1
piece (or 1 cup) of fruit. You do not have to limit non-starchy vegetables —
they’re super low in calories and high in fiber.
·
Choose whole grains
instead of enriched grains (brown rice, whole wheat breads and pasta, oats,
barley, etc.). Look for the word “whole” as the first ingredient on the
Nutrition Facts Label.
·
If insulin resistance or
diabetic, talk to a Registered Dietitian about the appropriate number of
carbohydrate servings you need per day.
Limit salt intake (aim for less than 2400 milligrams of salt per
day)
·
Use lemon juice,
mustard, vinegar, pepper, herbs and spices instead of table salt to season
foods.
·
Limit foods such as
cured and smoked meats, salted nuts, canned and processed vegetables, meats,
marinades and sauces.
·
Eliminate intake of
processed foods.
Choose unsaturated fats
·
Avoid saturated fats by
eliminating all dairy products and spreads, and reduce white meat and fish, and
lean cuts of red meat.
·
Look for unsaturated
oils such as olive, grape seed, and avocado oil and use these oils in very
small amounts.
·
Use nuts rich in
monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats such as almonds, walnuts, pecans, flax
seeds, sunflower and pumpkin seeds.
·
Eat fish two to three
times a week. Fish such as tuna, salmon, herring, sardines, and trout can
improve heart health.
·
Bake, grill, broil,
boil, and steam instead of frying them.
Eat protein and and/or fat with every meal or snack
·
Protein has a
stabilizing effect on the sugar released from carbohydrates into the blood.
·
Suggested protein can be
found in lean meats (limited), fish, poultry, beans, nuts and seeds.
At Acuwellness Center, we provide acupuncture, herbal medicine and nutritional support for patient with PCOS to improve their fertility.